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La Paz History |
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It is known that man inhabited the peninsula California, popularly called the Baja, as early as 10,000 B.C. These earliest inhabitants, of which very few traces are left, were nomadic people comprised of fishermen and gatherers who lived collecting seeds, roots, and berries; protecting themselves from the elements under trees and in caves. Vestiges of these cultures are found in cave paintings, now protected and considered a Heritage of Humanity.
In the XVI century, on May 3rd, 1535, Hernan Cortés first arrived at what is now La Paz naming it Villa de la Santa Cruz. Cortés mounted the first of many attempts to conquer the peninsula. However several years of efforts and numerous expeditions met with failure due to lack of sufficient food and water as well as occasional ferocious attacks by natives.
Baja California is a peninsula that is separated from the mainland of Mexico as a result of many thousands of years of volcanic activity and geographic change. It is often referred to as the other Mexico and has a climate and terrain that is stunningly picturesque and ecologically unique. This land has always resisted being conquered by force. Jesuit missionaries are really the first group that came and established hacienda styled missions providing economic and spiritual education to tame both the land and its natives. Eventually, other adventuresome settlers also began pockets of communities.
The peninsula is divided into northern and southern states, Baja California Norte and Baja California Sur. La Paz, now the capital of southern or lower Baja (BCS), has endured numerous conquistadors, pirates, missionaries, explorers and entrepreneurs creating a flowery historical mosaic of risk, daring, and adventure. It was even for a period of time an open port teeming with traders from many countries. Locals refer to themselves as sudcalifornianos and resistance to change is a characteristic that makes this area so uniquely attractive.
The surrounding waters of La Paz were first named the Bermejo Sea, due to the ever changing colors of the water from intense azure blue to blood red. La Paz (the peace) received its modern name from Sebastian Vizcaino who established his base here in 1596 while circumnavigating the peninsula on exploratory expeditions. It was during these daring adventures that Vizcaino realized the economical importance this peninsula and its surrounding bays and seas. There was even active gold mining one time. An anthropological museum in La Paz open weekdays to visitors offers excellent historical exhibits and reference materials on the culture and settlement of this area.
Today, the Sea of Cortés, a name that signifies its historical significance and surrounds a city of unparalleled charm, with magical sunsets day after day, baths La Paz. Parallel to the central area of shops and restaurants is a beautiful three and one half mile stone, tile and sculpture promenade, the Malécon, which is popular with both residents and visitors for strolling, jogging or biking safely day or night. Shoppers are delighted to discover that local artisans, potters, and weavers are uniquely non-commercial. Small sidewalk cafes and clubs offer visitors a chance to blend in with locals and truly enjoy a laid back, unpretentious atmosphere. Modern conveniences such as internet and ATM machines offer travelers comforts and necessities while architecture and corner street taco stands highlight an old world ambiance that makes La Paz a great destination for a memorable vacation.
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